40+ Amazing Images of the Chinese Civil War (1946-1949) from the perspective of the Nationalist Kuomintang – Graphic Content

1949, the frontline of the National Army

Chinese Civil War (1927-1950) – The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), and the Nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) for legitimacy as the government of China.

The war began in April 1927 with the “Northern Expedition” (國民革命軍北伐) and mostly ended in 1950.

The Chinese Civil War was the third largest war in all of the time after World War II and World War I.

After Japan’s defeat in World War II, the war between the CCP and KMT started again in 1946.

The Nationalists (KMT) lose the war and escape to the island of Taiwan.

While CCP took control of most of China, they set up Taipei as the temporary capital of China (ROC).

About two million Chinese fled to Taiwan in late 1949.

The Communist Party of China (CCP) established Beijing as the capital of The People’s Republic of China (PRC).

Table of Contents

1 1946
2 1947
3 1948
4 1949
5 1955

1946

February 1946, Shanghai. Chiang Kai-shek’s rally.

The Soviet occupation of Manchuria took place after the Red Army invaded the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo in August 1945 and would continue until the last of the Soviet forces left in May 1946. The Soviets began withdrawing from Manchuria within three weeks of Japan’s surrender. The resumption of the Chinese Civil War in early 1946 prompted the Red Army to finish the withdrawal.

March 11, 1946, Shenyang Railway Station after the withdrawal of the Soviets

On March 12, 1946, the National Army entered Shenyang. The picture shows the 13th guard in front of the headquarters.

In April 1946, Chinese military delegation to Japan.

May 29, 1946, Shenyang, “The supremacy of the nation” (“国家至上民族至上”)

In May 1946, Chongqing, women with the right to vote

August 13, 1946, famine in Hunan. UN worker helping a kid.

In November 1946, Nanjing, the representative of Tibet who participated in the Constitutional National Assembly

On December 31, 1946, Chiang Kai-shek signed a constitutional promulgation order in Nanjing

On December 31, 1946, Chiang Kai-shek signed a constitutional promulgation order in Nanjing, announcing its entry into constitutional government

In 1946, Tianjin, a Chinese Orphan adopted by the United States Marine Corps.

1947

a large-scale evacuation of the United States Marine Corps back to Beijing

1947, Tianjin Tanggu Port, the last batch of GIs who returned from Peking

In 1947, Qingdao, a large-scale evacuation of the United States Marine Corps.

January 19, 1947, Nanjing Road, Shanghai

May 1947. Protests at the Shanghai Jiaotong University

1948

The current Constitution of the Republic of China came into effect on 25 December 1947, and the first Legislative session convened in Nanjing on 18 May 1948, with 760 members. In January 1948, the country’s 47 provinces, municipalities, 18 Mongolian Leagues, Tibetan area, domestic occupational groups, women’s organisations, and overseas Chinese regions, making up nearly 200 million voters voted for their legislators. Because of the Chinese Civil War, the elections could not be held in Communist controlled areas, the National Government, through the supplementary regulations, had the people living nearest to the areas elect representation for the areas.

In January 1948, farmers participated in the first direct election

In January 1948, voters participated in the first direct election

February 1948, Jiangxi Province, Construction of the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Railway

March 1948, Peiping, North China Refugees escaping from the war.

On May 20, 1948, Chiang Kai-shek took office as the first President of the Republic of China in Nanjing.

In May 1948, representatives from Shanghai and Taiwan Province attended the Seventh National Games.

Jiang Weiguo studied at a Nazi German military academy (Kriegsschule) in Munich, Nazi Germany and subsequently served as a soldier in the Nazi Wehrmacht in active combat duty until his return to the Republic of China (Taiwan) during the later years of World War 2 when he was promoted to general of the Republic of China (Taiwan) Army.

Jiang Weiguo (Chiang Wei-kuo, 蒋纬国, October 6, 1916 – September 22, 1997) was an adopted son of Chiang Kai-shek and adoptive brother of the later President Chiang Ching-kuo. During the Chinese Civil War, Jiang employed tactics he had learned whilst studying in the German Wehrmacht. He was in charge of a M4 Sherman tank battalion during the Huaihai Campaign against Mao Zedong’s troops, scoring some early victories. He retreated from Shanghai to Taiwan and moved his tank regiment to Taiwan. [wikipedia]

In 1948, the national army stationed on Hainan Island

December 1948. the national army headed to the front line of Suzhou and met the wounded soldiers of the retreat.

December 1948, Nanjing, United States Embassy guarded by the Marine Corps

1949

April 1949, Zhenjiang, a street blockhouse

Li Zongren was a prominent Guangxi warlord and Kuomintang (KMT) military commander during the Northern Expedition, Second Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War.

He Yingqin (何应钦, April 2, 1890 – October 21, 1987) was one of the most senior generals of the Kuomintang (KMT) during Republican China, and a close ally of Chiang Kai-shek.

Bai Chongxi (18 March 1893 – 1 December 1966; 白崇禧) was a Chinese general in the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China (ROC) and a prominent Chinese Nationalist leader of Hui ethnicity and of Muslim faith.

Yan Xishan (8 October 1883 – 22 July 1960) was a warlord who served in the government of the Republic of China. After the Second World War, Yan’s forces (including thousands of former Japanese troops) held out against the Communists during the Chinese Civil War for four years. They held out until April 1949, after the Nationalist government had lost control of northern China, allowing the PLA to encircle and besiege his forces. The area surrounding the provincial capital of Taiyuan was the longest to resist Communist control.

Yan Xishan focused his efforts on attempting to promote greater cooperation between Li Zongren and Chiang Kai-shek. Li eventually attempted to form a government, including both Chiang’s supporters and critics, with Yan as premier. Despite Yan’s efforts, Chiang refused to allow Li access to more than a fraction of the wealth that Chiang had sent to Taiwan, and officers loyal to Chiang refused to follow Li’s orders, frustrating efforts to coordinate Nationalist defenses and to stabilize the currency. By late 1949 the Nationalists’ position had become desperate. [wikipedia]

June 1949, Guangzhou. Yan Xishan took office as executive president and defense minister.

1949. Shanghai, black market speculators executed

April 1949, Shanghai North Station. Fugitives on a train to Hangzhou

April 24, 1949, Shanghai, fugitive students from the north

Chongqing, the last group of American missionaries who entered China in 1949

In October 1949, the Chinese Communist Army entered Guangzhou.

On November 2, 1949, on the border between the Mainland and Hong Kong, refugees queued to obtain a permit to enter Hong Kong.

November 2, 1949, Chinese refugees crossing the bridge to enter Hong Kong.

On November 2, 1949, refugees fleeing the Mainland from temporary shelters in Hong Kong.

In December 1949, Li Zongren (李宗仁) settled in the United States as the representative of the Nationalist Party. The picture shows his arriving in the United States.

1955

Sources: Wikipedia , Blog.Sina

Topic: old photographs of China, China old photos, images of old China, China war images, Taiwan old photos,old photographs archive,China old photos,Chinese old photos,old china historic photographs,old photographs of china,kuomintang images,Chinese civil war photos

Matteo Damiani

CHINA-UNDERGROUND. Matteo Damiani is an Italian sinologist, photographer, author and motion designer. Matteo lived and worked for ten years in China. Founder of CinaOggi.it and China-underground.com.