Guo Ke, director of "Twenty Two", Exclusive Interview

Guo Ke Interview: Twenty Two is a Chinese documentary about 22 Chinese ‘comfort women’, victims of sexual enslavement by Japanese soldiers during the WWII

The documentary was made with over 32,000 contributions from crowdfunding.

At the time of filming, only 22 of these women were still alive to tell their story; through their own personal histories, they tell a tale that should never be forgotten to generations unaware of the brutalization that occurred. The movie was originally shot in 2015. When the movie finally was re-edited and received mainland China release in 2017, only 8 of those 22 still remain. The first edition was shown at several film festivals. The new version is a 99-minute cut and it was edited by famous editor Ching-Song Liao. [Twenty Two on Chinese Movie Database]

We interviewed Chengdu-born director Ke Guo (Guo Ke 郭柯).

1) Why did you decide to make this documentary?

As a director, I wanted to focus on the survivor’s everyday life. Because this group will die quickly, as an image worker, I wanted to bring the strength of these images into full play.

2) How did you find the remaining “comfort women”? How long this took?

Professor Su Zhiliang of Shanghai Normal University, a historical researcher, gave me the addresses of these elderly people. I took less than two weeks to find the grandmothers in the 5 provinces.

3) Do you think this violence has left permanent damage on the survivors?

Today, when the grandmothers recall the events of that period, they choose to avoid many details. They can’t recall these memories in their hearts without opening up old wounds.

4) What was your approach to shooting the movie?

Watch life, capture details, and face it calmly.

5) Did you find any difficulties in screening the movie in China?

I didn’t find any difficulties in screening it in China and the audience is of high quality.

6) What was the reaction of the domestic public? And abroad?

In South Korea, Russia, the United States, and France, some of the viewers have been moved by the lives of the elderly.

7) What was the role of Mr. Feng Xiaogang in the promotion of the movie?

Xinyi Zhang wrote a letter to the director Feng Xiaogang, hoping to use his influence and let more people know about this documentary. The day before the release (August 13th), director Feng Xiaogang in his micro-blog mentioned Twenty Two in his recommendations, and this had strong repercussions on the social network.

8) How do you think social media can help the success of a movie?

The power of social media is very strong, and “Twenty-two” was made with the help of the people media.

Interview: Matteo Damiani

Topic: Chinese comfort women, Japanese sexual enslavement

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Matteo Damiani

CHINA-UNDERGROUND. Matteo Damiani is an Italian sinologist, photographer, author and motion designer. Matteo lived and worked for ten years in China. Founder of CinaOggi.it and China-underground.com.

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